This thesis project explores parametric modelling, digital fabrication, and co-creation, which are all relevant topics within the technological innovation happening in product design and manufacturing. As technology evolves, we are met with new opportunities in how we can design, shape and manufacture objects. The use of parametric 3D modelling and algorithmic scripting enables design co-creation with end-users and other stakeholders. These designs can be realized through digital fabrication.

The project has been explored through this research question; How can digital fabrication and algorithmic 3D modelling technologies contribute to the development of innovative, custom solutions in product design and facilitate co-creation?

In short, algorithmic, or parametric modelling is a topic within the field of computational design. It can be considered a 3D modelling strategy that is centred around building geometry based on data and parameters instead of with the help of conventional modelling tools. Digital fabrication is a collection of manufacturing technologies that rely on robotics and software to produce or shape objects based on instructions, usually in the form of G-code. Examples of digital fabrication are additive manufacturing (3D printing), laser cutting, CNC machining and knitting machines. Co-creation is the act of letting the end user or other parties affect the final outcome of the design in question.

I am drawn to these topics because I have a strong interest in computational design and digital fabrication and I believe these technologies can be a part of a new paradigm within design and manufacturing. These technologies are still evolving, but becoming more prevalent in different industries at an increasing rate. Digital manufacturing and parametric modelling lay the foundation for customised objects and localised manufacturing, which can benefit a range of product categories, from more aesthetic choices in clothes and consumer goods to bespoke sizes and fits in medical devices. Parametric modelling allows for non-destructive changes in a design and enables customisation through conscious choice of parameters. The fabrication of customised designs is enabled by the use of digital manufacturing, which provides more flexibility in production than traditional production methods. These technologies can enable the use of co-creation in the modelling of products, which ultimately gives the end-user more choice and freedom in how their products are designed.

The project has been realised through desktop research on each of the chosen topics, conversations with relevant people within their respective fields and several projects exploring the use of digital manufacturing and parametric modelling in different contexts. The main project has been a collaboration with the orthopaedic workshop NTO, creating a complex algorithmic model which modifies simple solid prosthetic aids into models with internal lattice structures and patterned shells, designed specifically for additive manufacturing. The algorithm was developed with feedback from orthopaedic engineers and technicians at the orthopaedic workshop, and has resulted in a script with an interface that allows for the adjustment of a range of parameters based on the needs of the individual model they are printing.